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Journal
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Speech
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1100
AD
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| The Anasazi
Indians build first "apartments." |
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| Cabeza
de Vaca crossed southern portion of Arizona enroute to Mexico. He carried
stories of the Seven Cities of Cibola. |
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| Estavan, a black Morrocan
slave, became one of the explorers of the southwest. |
1538 AD
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| Marcos de Niza, Francisco
Vasquez de Coronado and others explore southwest. |
1538 - 1580 AD
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| Father Kino began
missionary work in the Santa Cruz and San Pedro Valleys. |
1680 AD
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| |
1700
AD
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| Spanish troops establish
Arizona's first white settlement at Tubac. |
1752 AD
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| Tucson established
as a Spanish Fort. Fathers Escalante and Dominguez expeditions found
place to cross the Colorado River. |
1776 AD
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| Peace with the Apaches
was negotiated - the peace lasted for 32 years. |
1790 AD
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| Navajo Indians were
reduced to submission by the Spanish in Canyon de Chelly. |
1804 - 1806 AD
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| Arizona became a province
of Mexico and the Santa Fe Trail, a trade route opened. |
1821 AD
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| Traders
begin exploring Apache Indian Areas. Bill Williams trapped from the far
northwest as far south as Sonora. Kit Carson, Sylvester and James
Ohio Pattie became trappers in the Gila Valley. |
|
| Mormon Battalion took
possession of Tucson and raised the American flag to mark a wagon road
from Santa Fe to the Pacific called Cooke's Wagon Road. |
1846 AD
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| John C Freeman surveying
party escorted Sonorans westward down the Gila River. Gila Howard
was born becoming the first Anglo-Saxon child born in this territory. |
1849 AD
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| Peter Kitchen becomes
one of the first American ranchers in Arizona. |
1854 AD
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| First regular stage
line in Arizona, the San Antonio and San Diego Company began. |
1857 AD
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| Weekly Arizonan,
the first newspaper, was published in Tubac. |
1859 AD
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| The westernmost battle
of the Civil War was fought near Picacho Peak by Carleton's California
Volunteers. Jefferson Davis declares Arizona a confederate territory. |
1862 AD
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| President Lincoln
creates the Arizona Territory with Prescott as the capital. John N Goodwin
was the first territorial governor. |
1863 AD
|
| "The Long Walk" begins
as most Navajo Indians surrender and are forced
to walk from Fort Defiance to Fort Sumner, New Mexico - a distance of 300
miles. |
|
| The Territorial Capital
moved to Tucson. The first public schools opened in Prescott and
Tucson. |
1867 AD
|
| Major John Wesley
Powell made the first full exploration of the Grand Canyon. |
1869 AD |
| Silver bonanzas in
Pinal Mountains, Tombstone Mountains and Bradshaw Mountains. |
1870 AD
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| Cotton is first cultivated
by Arizona settlers. |
1873 AD
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| The first big copper
mining operations began in Clifton. The Territorial Prison opened at Yuma. |
1875 AD
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| Territorial Capital
returned to Prescott. The first bank, Bank of Arizona, was established
in Prescott. |
1877 AD
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| First train, Southern
Pacific, arrived in Tucson stimulating the copper industry. |
1880 AD
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| Tempe Normal School
(later renamed Arizona State University) opened in Tempe. Geronimo
and his Apache Raiders surrendered to the US Army. |
1886 AD
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| Copper leads gold
and silver in importance in Arizona. |
1888 AD
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| Territorial Capital
moves to Phoenix. |
1889 AD
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| The University of
Arizona is established in Tucson. Citrus begins large scale commercial
growth. |
1891 AD
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| Stagecoach service
is started between Flagstaff and the Grand Canyon. |
1892 AD
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| A Senatorial Committee
proposed admission of Arizona and New Mexico as a single state which was
opposed by the Arizona people. |
1898 AD
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| Arizona
became the 48th State on February 14th. George P Hunt was first elected
Governor. |
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| Arizona National Guard
was mobilized due to Pancho Villa's earlier raid on Columbus, New Mexico. |
1916 AD
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| The first native Arizonan,
Thomas E Campbell, is inaugurated as Governor. |
1917 AD
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| |
1919
AD
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| American Indians were
declared citizens. |
1924 AD
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| |
1930
AD
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| Navajo language used
for secret code against the Germans and Japanese in World War II. |
1942 - 1945 AD
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| Arizona Indians given
the right to vote. |
1948 AD
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| Martin Luther King
Day declared a holiday. |
1990 AD
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|
1999
AD
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|
Evaluation
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